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Abstract
This article analyzes the emergence, development, and historical significance of the Jadid movement in Turkestan at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. Special attention is given to the educational, cultural, and social reforms promoted by Jadid intellectuals such as Ismail Gaspirali, Mahmudkhoja Behbudi, and Abdurauf Fitrat. The article also highlights the contribution of Karakalpak Jadids to the spread of secular education, national consciousness, and enlightenment ideas among the population. The activities of the Jadids played an important role in the modernization of society and the development of national identity in Central Asia.
References
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