Evaluating the Application of Ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Soft Tissue Injuries of the Knee Joint: A Comparative Diagnostic Analysis

Abstract

Traumatic and degenerative knee lesions require highly accurate diagnostic modalities to formulate optimal management strategies. This prospective study evaluates the diagnostic efficacy of high-frequency ultrasonography (US) versus magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting intra-articular and extra-articular knee pathologies. Analyzing a cohort of 132 adult patients with acute or subacute knee trauma, the research quantifies both modalities against arthroscopic reference standards. Empirical data indicate ultrasonography exhibits high sensitivity (91.4%) for superficial pathologies (collateral ligament tears, joint effusions) but lacks diagnostic depth for cruciate ligaments and complex meniscal tears. Conversely, MRI demonstrated a diagnostic accuracy of 96.8% for medial meniscus lesions and 98.1% for anterior cruciate ligament ruptures. The dynamics of the observed outcomes advocate for a sequential diagnostic algorithm: utilizing ultrasound as an initial triage tool for superficial injuries, reserving MRI for deep intra-articular derangements. This integrated protocol optimizes resource allocation in regional medical centers without compromising diagnostic integrity.