Abstract
Chronic hepatitis of various etiologies remains one of the major causes of progressive liver damage worldwide. Persistent inflammatory processes in the liver can lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and ultimately liver failure. The development and progression of liver fibrosis are determined not only by the etiological factor but also by complex interactions among immune, genetic, and environmental mechanisms.
This literature review examines current scientific data on the clinical and immunogenetic characteristics of liver fibrosis development in patients with chronic hepatitis of different origins. Particular attention is given to the role of cytokines, immune response pathways, genetic polymorphisms, and molecular markers involved in fibrogenesis. The review also discusses the prognostic significance of immunogenetic factors and their potential application in early diagnosis, risk stratification, and personalized therapeutic approaches.
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